A recent study on the enrollment rate of children in the sociology department of Seoul National University (SNU), published by the Institute of Social Sciences, shows that the hereditary succession of educational background is serious. Succession of educational background means that there is less social mobility. This is to solidify the social class and prove that it is not a democratic and healthy society.
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The answer should always be to understand what the problem is, analyze the cause of the problem, and then seek countermeasures. The problem with this topic is the hereditary phenomenon of educational background. The universal value of society is why the hereditary phenomenon of educational background has become a social problem, and that education has served as a channel for the movement of classes between generations, and is desirable. However, the results of this research show that even education, which seems to be the most effective means of raising the hierarchy, is being inherited. In other words, the fact that equal opportunities for education are blocked from sources shows that education cannot be a fair game. The reality is that hereditary succession of educational background leads to hereditary succession of wealth, which leads to hereditary succession of social classes, or social status. The difference between a social class society and a modern democratic society is that even if there were downstream social groups, they could enter the upper class. And one of the paths is education. If the gate is closed, this must be a serious social problem. Such analysis is a conflict-based perspective. This is because they see the social structure as a relationship between control and control, and see that all other systems are eventually unfairly operated for vested interests.
From a functional point of view, educational opportunities are open to everyone fairly, and it is a matter of individual ability to move classes through education. However, the results of the study show that it is not simply a matter of individual ability. This is because it is an excessive leap forward to see Seoul National University's entrance rate for low-income students fall due to a decline in individual abilities compared to the past.
In that case, the cause should be analyzed now. In society, there is a heated debate over the existence or abolition of standardization. First of all, those who argue that it has nothing to do with equalization believe that private education is the main cause of the problem, and that if equalization is abolished, the hereditary phenomenon of academic ability will become more serious. The reason for the hereditary succession of educational background is that the actual equality of educational opportunities is being destroyed, and the reason for the collapse of the actual equality is the gap between rich and poor. The gap between rich and poor affects educational opportunities. Here, "education opportunities" include "private education." If private education is at the heart of the problem, it does not matter whether it is standardization of high school or ranking, as long as private education is widely used, it is inevitable to inherit academic ability.
On the other hand, however, they are more interested in the phenomenon of hereditary succession of educational background than in the era of non-standardization in the past. In other words, there is a problem with the equalization policy, and it is argued that eliminating it and providing selective education suitable for students' abilities, and increasing support to schools attended by low-income students, will achieve practical equality. In other words, standardization, which forces uniform and low-quality education, is the main culprit of deepening inequality, and it is expected that high-income families will find alternatives through private education.
Let's find out the logical weaknesses behind the conflicting cause analysis and solution presentation. The first argument is that private education is the cause, so alternatives should be presented to solve the problem. You can't get a good score if you simply answer abstract questions such as enhancing public education. The second argument puts the equalization system at the heart of the cause. I think private education will decrease if standardization is implemented. However, no matter how internalized public education is, the reality is that they have no choice but to receive private education again to gain the upper hand in competition. This is because academic cliques and academic achievement are strictly controlling society. Since there is no analysis on this, the second answer may be somewhat less convincing. I don't care what my opinion is. There should be no logical weakness and consistency in the cause analysis, and you will get a good score when presenting realistic and effective alternatives.
Writer: Yeyoung Jeon
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